{"id":252,"date":"2006-10-26T08:12:26","date_gmt":"2006-10-26T08:12:26","guid":{"rendered":"\/yorktownsquare\/2006\/10\/26\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\/"},"modified":"2006-10-26T08:12:26","modified_gmt":"2006-10-26T08:12:26","slug":"york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yorkblog.com\/yorktownsquare\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\/","title":{"rendered":"York County got off to rocky start on race"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Early in a speech this week in York, consultant David Rusk provided a provocative statistic:<br \/>\nYork County had 499 slaves in 1790.<br \/>\nMorgan State&#8217;s Debra Newman Ham has pointed out that York County ranked second to Philadelphia statewide in number of slaves and number of freed slaves. (For a sampling of this York native&#8217;s work, just Google her name.)<br \/>\nWhy would York County rank so high? &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\nConsider some of the following possibilities (my views, not Rusk&#8217;s):<br \/>\nAlthough Pennsylvania was gradually emancipating slaves in 1790, York County shared a long border with Maryland, a slave state through the Civil War. The county, then including current-day Adams County, was large. Adams County, like southeastern York County, had a large Scots-Irish population. Scots and others from the British Isles were more inclined to accept slavery than Germans. York County was strongly agricultural, which meant there was a demand for labor.<br \/>\nSo, York County got off to a rough start on the race issue. And as Bill Ecenbarger has pointed out in &#8220;Walkin&#8217; the Line,&#8221; the Mason-Dixon Line tends to attract hate groups who want to take advantage of its symbolism. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ecenbarger.com\">http:\/\/www.ecenbarger.com<\/a>. That doesn&#8217;t help the county&#8217;s fight against racism today.<br \/>\nAnother interesting statistic from Rusk: Enslaved and freed blacks made up 3.5 percent of the county&#8217;s population in 1790. Blacks make up about 4.2 percent today. So, the number of blacks as a percentage of population has changed little since 1790.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Early in a speech this week in York, consultant David Rusk provided a provocative statistic:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,33,14,6,7,10,11,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archives-all-posts","category-black-history","category-books-reading","category-events","category-explanationscontroversy","category-genealogyresearch","category-local-landmarks","category-people"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>York County got off to rocky start on race - York Town Square<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yorkblog.com\/yorktownsquare\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"York County got off to rocky start on race - York Town Square\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Early in a speech this week in York, consultant David Rusk provided a provocative statistic:\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yorkblog.com\/yorktownsquare\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"York Town Square\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2006-10-26T08:12:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jim McClure\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@JamesMcClure\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jim McClure\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yorkblog.com\\\/yorktownsquare\\\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yorkblog.com\\\/yorktownsquare\\\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jim McClure\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yorkblog.com\\\/yorktownsquare\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/b48a19c4bb41c9ee494a3eb75485cdd0\"},\"headline\":\"York County got off to rocky start on race\",\"datePublished\":\"2006-10-26T08:12:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yorkblog.com\\\/yorktownsquare\\\/york-county-got-off-to-rocky-s\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":243,\"commentCount\":0,\"articleSection\":[\"Archives, all posts\",\"Black history\",\"Books &amp; 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